
The testing effect: why assessment is one of the best learning tools
The Testing Effect, is one of the most powerful principles in cognitive science. However, it remains largely underused in traditional learning methods. Far from being a simple measurement tool, the test is a great method for permanently memorizing, deeply understanding and improving quickly.
What is the testing effect?
The Testing Effect refers to the phenomenon that testing yourself regularly significantly improves long-term memory. In other words, you retain more by trying to find information than by passively re-reading it.
The test effect is based on a simple idea: Practicing retrieval strengthens memory.
The test, or evaluation, forces the brain to make an effort to recover the information. This cognitive process strengthens neural connections, stabilizes and anchors information, and facilitates its reuse in a different or operational context. It's the opposite of reading or highlighting, which gives an impression of mastery... but produces little real learning.
A concrete example comes from the classical study of Roediger & Karpicke (2006) : students who took free tests after studying a text, without feedback, got a substantially higher recall after two days, and even a week later, compared to students who had simply reread the text.
In an educational context, another study showed that repeated tests with feedback improved memory not only immediately, but also 18 days and five weeks later, compared to rereading.
The term Testing Effect is becoming increasingly popular in the fields of pedagogy, vocational training, neuroscience, self-learning and personal development.
Several cognitive mechanisms explain the effectiveness of the testing effect
The effort to recover strengthens the memory
When the brain has to find information, it does active work, which increases the probability of memorizing it permanently and therefore of being able to return it later.
The test identifies shortcomings
It helps to identify precisely what is mastered or not, making it possible to then target weak areas, to deepen certain points and to personalize learning in a process of adaptive learning.
Assessments increase attention
Knowing that you will have to test yourself later naturally improves the quality of the first learning: you are more attentive, more active, more intentional. The learner is therefore more involved in the process.
The test promotes understanding
By practicing how to apply, explain, rephrase, or compare, you go beyond simple raw memorization and develop a deeper understanding.
Formative assessments also provide explanations to answers help deepen certain notions and help learners understand why the correct answer is actually the right one.
Tests as a fully-fledged pedagogical practice
In many education systems, tests are seen as a way to assess students, not to make them learn. However, assessment is a learning tool, not just a measurement tool!
The Testing Effect shows that formative assessment is one of the most effective educational tools, but also one of the least expensive.
Used regularly, the tests allow:
- to learn more quickly,
- to memorize for longer,
- to reduce the revision burden before a final exam,
- to increase learners' autonomy and confidence.
This is why researchers recommend multiplying frequent mini-evaluations, even ungraded ones, rather than focusing the assessment on a few major exams.
How to apply the testing effect in a training course?
There are a large number of effective techniques based on the testing effect. To name only the best known:
1. The regular quizzes
Short quizzes (maximum 10 questions) strengthen memory while giving an objective view of its progress. By integrating them into an e-learning module or at regular intervals during face-to-face or distance learning, they allow learners to be actively engaged.
2. Explain what you've learned
The story, the Self-Explanation or the Feynman method require retrieving and reformulating the information seen during the training. In the form of open question, this type of practice generally involves a trainer correcting each answer manually or with the help of AI.
3. Training with problems or exercises
Application exercises (for example math problems) are also a form of test: they force the brain to find and apply the right rule.
4. Simulate exams
Realistic test conditions increase stress resistance and the quality of learning, while allowing everyone to assess their level in relation to expectations. Mock exams under controlled conditions are an excellent tool to stimulate learning.
To test yourself is to learn
The Testing Effect Recalls an essential truth: active learning is always more effective than simply being exposed to information.
Testing yourself regularly is not a constraint: it is a cognitive performance multiplier. Integrating assessment into the heart of the learning process makes it possible to retain better, longer and more peacefully.
Including this concept in a training strategy makes it possible to capture an audience interested in optimizing learning, productivity and new pedagogies.














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